{"id":2438,"date":"2017-10-25T14:25:13","date_gmt":"2017-10-25T12:25:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/norsk\/krigsminner_i_karasjok\/karasjok_i_krig_1940_1945\/"},"modified":"2026-05-04T12:27:27","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T10:27:27","slug":"karasjok_i_krig","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/no\/karasjok_i_krig\/","title":{"rendered":"Karasjok i krig 1940\u20131945"},"content":{"rendered":"

Karasjok i krig 1940\u20131945<\/h2>\n

K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161johka 1940\u20131945 soahte\u00e1igge<\/h2>\n

Karasjok in wartime 1940\u20131945<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Forfatter\/\u010c\u00e1lli\/Author: Arvid Petterson<\/h5>\n

 <\/p>\n

Teaksta s\u00e1megilli lea vuollelis
\nText in English, see below<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\n \"15
Soldater fra Karasjok har stanset ved en fjellstue mellom Karasjok og Alta.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161joga soaldd\u00e1hat leat bis\u00e1nast\u00e1n muhtin duottarstohpui K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161joga ja \u00c1ltt\u00e1 gaskkas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Soldiers from Karasjok stop in front of a mountain lodge between Karasjok and Alta.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure><\/dt>\n

<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n
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Okkupasjon<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ved det tyske overfallet p\u00e5 Norge, 9. april 1940, ble mannskap fra Alta bataljon straks innkalt til Altag\u00e5rd. Det var et stort sn\u00f8fall den v\u00e5ren, da soldater fra Karasjok tok seg fram p\u00e5 ski fra Karasjok til Alta. De deltok i de lengste kampene i v\u00e5rt land, fra Gratangen til Bj\u00f8rnfjell, inntil demobiliseringen omkring 10. juni.<\/p>\n

Den f\u00f8rste tyske styrken i Karasjok var en bataljon av \u00f8sterrikske soldater, som kom hit p\u00e5 ettersommeren 1940. Finnmark ble tidlig et oppmarsjomr\u00e5de for tyskernes Lapplandsarm\u00e9 p\u00e5 til sammen 250 000 mann, 60 000 hester og muldyr og store mengder utstyr.<\/p>\n

Det tyske angrepet p\u00e5 Sovjetunionen sommeren 1941, ble kalt Barbarossa. Lapplandsarm\u00e9en ble en viktig del av angrepsstyrken, med fronter s\u00f8r for S\u00f8r-Varanger og \u00f8st for Nord-Finland. De \u00f8sterrikske soldatene i Karasjok ble fraktet til S\u00f8r-Varanger med b\u00e5ter fra Indre Billefjord, og var de f\u00f8rste som ble satt inn i angrepet, og de led store tap.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

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\n \"En
Det ble brukt en pram som ferge over Karasjohka. Tyskerne bygde ogs\u00e5 provisorisk bro, men den m\u00e5tte fjernes f\u00f8r isen la seg. En ny hengebro ble bygd og tatt i bruk i 1944.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ma geavahuvvui K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161joga rast\u00e1 beassamii. Duiskkala\u010d\u010dat hukseje maid gaskaboddosa\u0161 \u0161aldi, muhto dan sii ferteje njeaidit ovdal johka jie\u014bui. O\u0111\u0111a \u0161aldi mii hea\u014bg\u00e1i huksejuvvui ja dan geavahi\u0161gohte 1944:s.<\/span><\/p>\n

A barge was used as a ferry over the River Karasjohka. The Germans also built a temporary bridge, but it had to be removed before the ice froze. A new suspension bridge was built and put into service in 1944.<\/span><\/figcaption>\n<\/figure><\/dt>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n

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Tysk skipstransport \u00f8stover ble hindret av sovjetrussiske krigsfart\u00f8y, blant annet fordi norske kvinner og menn meldte seg til tjeneste som s\u00e5kalte partisaner. De rapporterte om tysk skipstrafikk, og mange skip ble senket. Tyskerne startet veibygging mellom Ivalo og Karasjok. Her ble krigsfanger fra Sovjetunionen og Jugoslavia satt inn i umenneskelig tvangsarbeid. Fangevokterne opptr\u00e5dte brutalt, og mange fanger ble skutt og drept. Lokalbefolkningen hjalp fangene s\u00e5 meget de kunne, til tross for truslene de fikk. Blant hjelperne er Mamma Karasjok, Kirsten Svineng best kjent.<\/p>\n

Da veien til Ivalo var ferdig bygd, gikk en omfattende transport av soldater og materiell fra Porsanger via Karasjok og p\u00e5 Ishavsveien Ivalo \u2013 Petsamo. Karasjok ble derfor strategisk viktig for tyskernes krigf\u00f8ring i \u00f8st. Store lager med forsyninger og ammunisjon ble opprettet.<\/p>\n

Tilbaketrekning og bruk av Den brente jords taktikk<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

Da de tyske styrkene ble tvunget tilbake fra frontene i \u00f8st i oktober \u2013 november 1944, brukte de Den brente jords taktikk. Alt menneskeskapt ble brent, broer ble sprengt og \u00f8delagt. Minefelt og minefeller sto igjen, alt for \u00e5 hindre at de sovjetrussiske styrkene skulle finne det mulig \u00e5 forf\u00f8lge dem.<\/p>\n

Sivilbefolkningen ble kastet ut av sine hus, men flyktet inn i dalene og p\u00e5 vidda for \u00e5 unng\u00e5 tvangsevakueringen. Tyskerne sendte patruljer for \u00e5 lete etter dem, men f\u00e5 ble tatt. Bare stedets tuberkulosehjem, syke- og gamlehjem ble tvangsevakuert, til sammen omkring 50 personer. Mange av dem d\u00f8de mens de var evakuert, for det var ikke plass for dem i Karasjok i den f\u00f8rste gjenreisningstiden etter krigen.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\n \"To
De tyske og \u00f8sterrikske soldatene hadde respekt for samiske tradisjoner og levem\u00e5te i et kaldt vinterlandskap. Her er to offiserer fotografert sammen med en av Karasjoks innbyggere. Vi ser et par av husene p\u00e5 stedet og de typiske gjerdene av tre. Alt ble brent av tyskerne i november 1944. Bare den gamle kirka ble st\u00e5ende igjen.<\/span><\/p>\n

Duiskka ja Nuortariikka soaldd\u00e1hat vuhtiiv\u00e1lde s\u00e1mi eallinvuogi ja d\u00e1biid galbma d\u00e1lveguovlluin. D\u00e1 leat guokte soahtehearr\u00e1 govvejuvvon ovttas muhtin k\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161johkala\u010d\u010dain. Govas leat muhtin viesut ja dien \u00e1iggi fiello\u00e1iddit. Buot d\u00e1id bolde duiskkala\u010d\u010dat 1944 sk\u00e1bmam\u00e1nu. Du\u0161\u0161e boares girku b\u00e1zii ceagg\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

The German and Austrian soldiers had respect for the Sami\u2019s traditions and their way of life in a cold winter landscape. Here, two officers are photographed together with a Karasjok resident. We see a couple of houses in the background and the typical wooden fences. Everything was burned by the Germans in November 1944. Only the old church remains.<\/span><\/figcaption>\n<\/figure><\/dt>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n

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Okkupa\u0161uvdna<\/span><\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

Duiska fallehii Norgga cuo\u014bom\u00e1nu 9. beaivvi 1940:s. Dal\u00e1n goh\u010d\u010dojuvvui \u00c1ltt\u00e1 bataljuvnna veahka \u00c1ltt\u00e1g\u00e5rdii. Dien jagi lei guhkes gi\u0111\u0111a ja K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161joga soaldd\u00e1hat goste \u010duoigga K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161jogas \u00c1lt\u00e1i. Sii serve riidalemiide mat d\u00e1n riikkas leat bist\u00e1n buot guhkimus, Rivtt\u00e1kis gitta Bonjov\u00e1rr\u00e1i, dass\u00e1\u017eiigo jorggihedje sullii geassem\u00e1nu 10. beaivvi.<\/p>\n

Nuortariika soaldd\u00e1hiid bataljuvdna lei vuostta\u0161 duiskka veahka mii lei K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161jogas, sii bohte deike 1940 loahppageasi. Finnm\u00e1rku lei juo \u00e1lggu r\u00e1jes duiskka Lapplandsarmea vuolggasadjin. Sii ledje 250 000 albm\u00e1, geain 60 000 heastta ja \u00e1sena ja ollu d\u00e1vvirat ja reaiddut. Barbarossan goh\u010dodedje dan go Duiska fallehii Sovjetlihttu 1941 geasi.<\/p>\n

Lapplandsarmea lei deh\u00e1la\u0161 oassi fallehanveagas. Sis ledje soahte\u0161iljut lul\u00e1bealde M\u00e1tta-V\u00e1rjjaga ja nuorttabealde Davvi-Suoma. Nuortariika soaldd\u00e1hat geat ledje K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161jogas dolvojuvvoje fatnasiiguin Bill\u00e1vuonas M\u00e1tta-V\u00e1rjjagii. Sii ledje vuostta\u017eat geat serve falleheapm\u00e1i, ja oallugat du\u0161\u0161e.<\/p>\n

Sovjet-ruo\u0161\u0161a soahtefatnasat hehtteje Duiskka skiipajohtolaga nuorttas, earret ear\u00e1 dan dihte go norgga nissonat ja dievddut serve vuost\u00e1lastinlihkadussii. Sii cavgiledje duiskka skiippaid birra, ja ollu fatnasiid vuodjuduvvoje. Duiskkala\u010d\u010dat \u00e1lggahedje geaidnohuksema K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161jogas Avvilii. Dasa geavahedje soahtef\u00e1\u014bggaid geat bohte Sovjetlihtus ja Jugoslavias. Sin bidje bargat olmmo\u0161meahttumis b\u00e1ggobargguid. Sii geat gozihedje f\u00e1\u014bggaid l\u00e1htteje hui fasttit, ja sii b\u00e1h\u010de ja godde ollu f\u00e1\u014bggaid. B\u00e1ikk\u00e1la\u0161 olbmot veahkehedje f\u00e1\u014bggaid nu ollu go s\u00e1htte, v\u00e1ikko sin nihtte ge. Eanemus beakk\u00e1n sin searvvis geat veahkehedje lei Kirsten Svineng, gean goh\u010dodedje Mamma Karasjok.<\/p>\n

Go geaidnu Avvilii lei g\u00e1rvvis de Pors\u00e1\u014bggus dohko geasehalle hui ollu soaldd\u00e1hiid ja rusttegiid K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161joga bokte. Seamm\u00e1 dahke jiek\u014bamearageainnu mielde Avvilis Beahc\u00e1mii. K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161johka lei danne hui deh\u00e1la\u0161 strategala\u010d\u010dat dan soahtamii man duiskkala\u010d\u010dat \u010da\u0111ahedje nuortan. Sii \u00e1sahedje stuora g\u00e1lvo- ja l\u00e1ddavuorkk\u00e1id.<\/p>\n

Geass\u00e1deapmi ja eatnama boaldima taktihka geavaheapmi<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

1944 golggotm\u00e1nu ja sk\u00e1bmam\u00e1nu go Duiskka veagat b\u00e1ggejuvvoje vuolgit nuorttimus soahte\u0161iljuin de sii geavahedje taktihka eatnama boaldin (\u00abDen brente jord\u00bb). Sii bolde buot olbmor\u00e1hkaduvvon j\u00e1pmadi\u014bggaid, ja billistedje ja b\u00e1vkaledje \u0161aldiid. Miidnaguovllut ja miidnagill\u00e1rat ledje \u00e1idna maid sii gu\u0111\u0111e. Buot d\u00e1n dahke vai Sovjetlihtu veagat eai doaivvo vejola\u017e\u017ean sin doarridit.<\/p>\n

Sii gevreje olbmuid viesuineaset. Olbmot b\u00e1htaredje vumiide ja duoddariidda vai eai d\u00e1rbba\u0161an b\u00e1ggoev\u00e1hkkui searvat. Duiskkala\u010d\u010dat s\u00e1ddeje soaldd\u00e1hiid sin ohcat, muhto unn\u00e1nat g\u00e1vdnoje. B\u00e1kkuin evakuereje du\u0161\u0161e b\u00e1ikki tuberkulosaruovttu, buhcciid- ja boarr\u00e1siidruovttu. Dat ledje oktiibuot birrasii 50 olbmo. Oallugat sis j\u00e1pme ev\u00e1hkko\u00e1iggis, go sidjiide ii lean sadji K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161jogas dan vuostta\u0161 \u00e1igodaga ma\u014b\u014b\u00e1 soa\u0111i go fas huksegohte.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Occupation<\/span><\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

Soldiers from the Alta battalion were called up to Altag\u00e5rd immediately upon the German assault on Norway of 9 April 1940. There was heavy snowfall that spring when the soldiers from Karasjok set off on skis to Alta. They participated in our country\u2019s longest battles, from Gratangen to Bj\u00f8rnfjell, right up to their demobilisation around 10 June.<\/p>\n

The first German force in Karasjok was a battalion of Austrian soldiers, who arrived late in the summer of 1940. Finnmark become a deployment area for the German Lapland Army, which consisted of 250,000 men, 60,000 horses and mules and large amounts of equipment.<\/p>\n

The German attack on the Soviet Union in the summer of 1941 was called Operation Barbarossa. The Lapland army became an important part of the attacking force, with fronts south of S\u00f8r-Varanger and east of northern Finland. The Austrian soldiers in Karasjok were transported to S\u00f8r-Varanger using boats from Inner Billefjord, and were the first to be deployed during the attack. They suffered heavy losses.<\/p>\n

German maritime transport eastward was hampered by Soviet battleships, supported in part by Norwegian men and women who offered their services as so-called partisans. They reported German shipping traffic, and many ships were sunk. The Germans began constructing roads between Ivalo and Karasjok using prisoners of war from the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia as inhumane forced labour. The prison guards were brutal, and many prisoners were shot and killed. The locals helped the prisoners as much as they could, in spite of the threats they received. Among the helpers, Kirsten Svineng, otherwise known as \u00abMamma Karasjok\u00bb, is the most well-known.<\/p>\n

Once the road to Ivalo was finished, there was a vast movement of soldiers and supplies from Porsanger via Karasjok and onto the Arctic Road from Ivalo to Petsamo. Karasjok was obviously strategically important for the German offensive to the east. Large warehouses of supplies and ammunition were set up.<\/p>\n

Withdrawal and the use of scorched-earth tactics<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

When the German forces were driven back from the Eastern Front during October to November 1944, they employed scorched-earth tactics. All man-made objects were burned, and bridges were blown up and destroyed. Minefields and booby traps were left in order to prevent the Soviet-Russian forces pursuing them.<\/p>\n

Civilians were thrown out of their houses, but they fled into the valleys and onto the plains to avoid forced evacuation. The Germans sent patrols to look for them, but few were captured. Only the local tuberculosis hospital and old people\u2019s home were forced to evacuate, amounting to about 50 people. Many of them died during the evacuation, because there was no room for them in Karasjok during the first period of reconstruction after the war.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Karasjok i krig 1940\u20131945 K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161johka 1940\u20131945 soahte\u00e1igge Karasjok in wartime 1940\u20131945   Forfatter\/\u010c\u00e1lli\/Author: Arvid Petterson   Teaksta s\u00e1megilli lea vuollelis Text in English, see below Okkupasjon   Ved det tyske overfallet p\u00e5 Norge, 9. april 1940, ble mannskap fra Alta bataljon straks innkalt til Altag\u00e5rd. Det var et stort sn\u00f8fall den v\u00e5ren, da soldater fra […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2438","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/no\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2438","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/no\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/no\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/no\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/no\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2438"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/no\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2438\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/no\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2438"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}