{"id":14383,"date":"2026-06-03T16:20:45","date_gmt":"2026-06-03T14:20:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/?page_id=14383"},"modified":"2026-06-05T14:17:22","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T12:17:22","slug":"bivdorokkit-01","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/en\/bivdorokkit-01\/","title":{"rendered":"Pittfalls 01"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Pittfalls (1)<\/h2>\n<p>The Open-air Museum is situated in the area called <em>St\u00e1luguolbba<\/em> in S\u00e1mi, meaning The Plateau of <em>St\u00e1llu<\/em>, the mythical human-like giant.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14225\" class=\"thumbnail wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px;\">\n    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-14225 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/01-9.webp\" alt=\"A pitfall in the Open-air Museum.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/01-9.webp 1024w, https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/01-9-300x199.webp 300w, https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/01-9-768x510.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>    <figcaption class=\"caption wp-caption-text\">A pitfall in the Open-air Museum. Photo: RDM-SVD, Paula Rauhala, 2019<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u00a0S\u00e1mi livelihood\u00a0<\/strong>in the hunting society<\/h3>\n<p>According to research and historical sources S\u00e1mis made a living by hunting, fishing and gathering. The vast area of S\u00e1pmi was rich in natural resources from rivers, lakes, mountains, woods and the sea. Hunting wild reindeer was one of the most important means of making a livelihood, providing meat, skins and other materials.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14229\" class=\"thumbnail wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px;\">\n    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-14229 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/02-9.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"984\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/02-9.webp 1024w, https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/02-9-300x288.webp 300w, https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/02-9-768x738.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>    <figcaption class=\"caption wp-caption-text\">Pitfalls in the Open-air Museum, the St\u00e1loguolbba. Source: Research report &#8220;Fangstgroper i Karasjok kommune&#8221;, University of Troms\u00f8 , 1996. Design of the map: SVD, Paula Rauhala, 2019. The pitfalls are marked in yellow.<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4>Listen to a S\u00e1mi yoik by Per Tor Turi from Karasjok, 2019<\/h4>\n<div style=\"width: 640px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-14383-1\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/webm\" src=\"https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/03.webm?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/03.webm\">https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/03.webm<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Methods of hunting wild reindeer<\/h3>\n<p>The traditional S\u00e1mi community was called a\u00a0<em>siida,<\/em>\u00a0composed of up to 12 families. The\u00a0<em>siida<\/em>\u00a0moved between several seasonal settlements in the course of a year, with specific activities at each. A siida council decided how the resources should be harvested throughout the year. Hunting methods differed according to the season and climatic conditions. In winter it could be hunting on skis or in the autumn trapping wild reindeer using pitfalls. Later, driving fences and enclosures were used to help drive the wild reindeer towards pit systems. When hunted this way wild reindeer would fall into the pits and could not get out quickly enough or at all.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14234\" class=\"thumbnail wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px;\">\n    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-14234 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/04-7.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/04-7.webp 1024w, https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/04-7-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/04-7-768x576.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>    <figcaption class=\"caption wp-caption-text\">Illustration photo from the recent times.<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>The decrease of wild reindeer<\/h3>\n<p>Trade and taxation of the S\u00e1mis, where skin was a valuable merchandise, increased during the Viking age (800\u20131050) and reached a peak in the late middle ages (the 16th century). Falling skin prices, the introduction of rifles and increased colonization of S\u00e1pmi led to the change from hunter-gathering to nomadic reindeer herding.<\/p>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14238\" class=\"thumbnail wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px;\">\n    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-14238 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/05-6.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/05-6.webp 1024w, https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/05-6-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/rdm.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/05-6-768x576.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>    <figcaption class=\"caption wp-caption-text\">Illustration photo from the recent times.<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>The number of pitfalls<\/h4>\n<p>At least 10 000 pitfalls have been documented in the S\u00e1mi area. Normally they are organized in larger pitfall systems. Most of the pitfalls were used to hunt wild reindeer but some of the larger pitfalls are assumed to have been used to catch moose.<\/p>\n<h4>Effective hunting with pitfalls<\/h4>\n<p>Pitfall hunting was very effective especially in the autumn because of the rutting season from mid-September to mid-October. During that time reindeer gather together and were therefore easier to catch. Pitfalls were placed in rows near lakes and rivers. In traditional S\u00e1mi areas, the largest single system with 550 pitfalls is located at Gollev\u00e1rri, between Deatnu\/Tana and V\u00e1rjjat\/Varanger. The whole area has 3000 pitfalls in total. Also traditional S\u00e1mi huts and places of worship have been found there.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/rdm.no\/en\/olgomusea-10\/\">[Previous page]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/rdm.no\/en\/bivdorokkit-02\/\">[Next page]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pittfalls (1) The Open-air Museum is situated in the area called St\u00e1luguolbba in S\u00e1mi, meaning The Plateau of St\u00e1llu, the mythical human-like giant. &nbsp; \u00a0S\u00e1mi livelihood\u00a0in the hunting society According to research and historical sources S\u00e1mis made a living by hunting, fishing and gathering. The vast area of S\u00e1pmi was rich in natural resources from [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14383","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14383","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14383"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14383\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14459,"href":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14383\/revisions\/14459"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdm.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14383"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}